Romancing the Renaissance:
the Feminization of Early Modern Culture in
Twentieth Century Mass Media
English 339
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James Hepburn, Bothwell
James Hepburn, the 4th Earl of Bothwell, was born in 1535. His father, Patrick, passed on the title of Earl of Bothwell. His parent divorced when he was young, so his uncle, the Bishop of Moray, raised him. Bothwell and his family had been long supporters of the Stewart family and he served as an advisor to Marie of Guise. He traveled to France many times to visit with the young queen while she was there. He carried a deep hatred for the English.
Bothwell possessed a fair education and studied in Paris. Similar to Mary Stewart, he wrote in clear Italian hand and was well versed in French. The Queen of Scots also awarded him with the titles of Duke of Orkney and Earl of Shetland. His actions were pleasing to himself and he was an honest man, a man of his word. Men hated him because women loved him. According to history, Mary, Queen of Scots died for the Earl of Bothwell.
After Bothwell conceded the Battle at Carberry Hill, he was promised his freedom, however he was seized as he left Scotland, and forced into inhuman conditions in a Norwegian prison. He remained in this prison for eleven years, where he eventually died, in 1578.
--Maria Simone
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